The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire

T. F. Heatherton, L. T. Kozlowski, R. C. Frecker and K. O. Fagerstrom

Br J Addict 1991 Vol. 86 Issue 9 Pages 1119-27

Accession Number: 1932883 DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1932883

We examine and refine the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ: Fagerstrom, 1978). The relation between each FTQ item and biochemical measures of heaviness of smoking was examined in 254 smokers. We found that the nicotine rating item and the inhalation item were unrelated to any of our biochemical measures and these two items were primary contributors to psychometric deficiencies in the FTQ. We also found that a revised scoring of time to the first cigarette of the day (TTF) and number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) improved the scale. We present a revision of the FTQ: the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND).